Statistics COMPREHENSIVE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Measurements COMPREHENSIVE - Essay Example In this manner ostensible information where properties can be positioned yet the separation between positions has no importance. c. stretch information in this degree of estimation the separation between positions has a significance, information can be positioned and simultaneously the separation has importance, for instance temperature information is span information where temperature contrast has meaning. The normal and middle determined has an importance however proportion counts have no significance where one can't express that 100 degrees Celsius is twice 50 degrees Celsius. d. proportion in proportion level of estimation without a doubt the zero worth has a significance, all measurable count of focal inclinations and scattering are important, for instance information containing number of clients that visit a retail shop, the worth zero has meaning and the proportion figurings likewise has meaning where it very well may be expressed that 20 clients is twice 10 clients. The mean, mode and middle are largely proportions of focal propensities of information; the mean is dictated by including all the qualities in an informational index and afterward separating the quantity of perceptions. In the model the estimation of the mean will 27/8 = 3.375 The Median is the center estimation of an arranged informational index for odd perceptions or the mean estimation of the center two factors for even perceptions. In the model the middle will be 3 +4 = 7, at that point 7/2 = 3.5, consequently middle = 3.5 Bit of leeway: The middle isn't influenced by

Compare and contrast the attitudes to war as reflected in for the :: English Literature

Thoroughly analyze the perspectives to war as reflected in for the fallen and the send off. 'For the fallen' and 'The Send-off' are sonnets composed illustrating perspectives towards war. While banyan passes on a glorified, sentimental image of war that portrays the warriors as brave and valiant, Owens mentalities towards war are progressively cynical in nature. Owen employments appearance versus reality to show the debasement and wretchedness of war. Binyan and Owen pass on their perspectives through the language, structure what's more, lovely gadgets they utilize The mentalities to war in 'for the fallen' are enthusiastic and romanticized. The initial lines, 'with glad thanksgiving,' propose glory, esteem and respect. Binyan passes on the thoughts that battling for your nation, and serving in the war is fair. To underline the respect of battling in the war banyan utilizes a figurative portrayal of England as the capital mother. 'a mother for her youngsters,' through representing England as a mother it is practically similar to Britain has supported and molded her youngsters which are representative of the fighter which portrays the view that it was the warriors obligation to battle for their nation. The reiteration of the words 'for her,' inspires blame in the perusers as banyan outlines the mentality at the time being that England has accomplished such a great deal for the fighters that it was anticipated from them to offer back to their nation. Differentiating to the energetic and glorified picture of war and serving your nation the portrayal that Owen passes on of war, is ghostly and overwhelming,' the obscuring paths.' The symbolism of the 'obscuring path' could mirror the lives of the binds sent to war, it recommends that their demise were practically unavoidable and they were bound to death previously they small even sent off. The utilization of the word obscuring dispenses with any trust the perusers may have and shows Owens disposition that they're no expectation in battling and without trust there was no reason or point in battling. Owen likewise communicates certain defenselessness in the troopers as they are sent into a world which they know nothing about. Additionally Binyan exhibits a similar naivety and blamelessness of the warriors that served in the war. 'They went with melodies to the fight,' recommends that the warriors were ill-equipped and uninformed of the cruel real factors of war, which is reflected in the conduct. Binyan shows that the warriors entered the combat zone with yearnings, the way that they were prepared to battle for their nation 'against the chances uncounted,' and went eagerly 'with melodies,' exhibits respect. Binyan follows this with, 'they were youthful,' which accentuates their naivety and blamelessness; the fighters were powerless yet stayed 'valid for eye, consistent and aflow,' which Investigate the mentalities to war as reflected in for the :: English Literature Investigate the mentalities to war as reflected in for the fallen and the send off. 'For the fallen' and 'The Send-off' are sonnets composed illustrating mentalities towards war. While banyan passes on an admired, sentimental image of war that delineates the troopers as brave and gallant, Owens mentalities towards war are increasingly negative in nature. Owen employments appearance versus reality to show the defilement and hopelessness of war. Binyan and Owen pass on their mentalities through the language, structure what's more, graceful gadgets they utilize The mentalities to war in 'for the fallen' are enthusiastic and romanticized. The initial lines, 'with glad thanksgiving,' propose glory, eminence and respect. Binyan passes on the thoughts that battling for your nation, and serving in the war is fair. To accentuate the respect of battling in the war banyan utilizes a figurative portrayal of England as the capital mother. 'a mother for her youngsters,' through representing England as a mother it is practically similar to Britain has supported and molded her youngsters which are emblematic of the fighter which delineates the view that it was the officers obligation to battle for their nation. The reiteration of the words 'for her,' summons blame in the perusers as banyan delineates the disposition at the time being that England has accomplished such a great deal for the troopers that it was anticipated from them to offer back to their nation. Differentiating to the devoted and admired picture of war and serving your nation the portrayal that Owen passes on of war, is spooky and overwhelming,' the obscuring paths.' The symbolism of the 'obscuring path' could mirror the lives of the welds sent to war, it proposes that their demise were practically inescapable and they were bound to death previously they small even sent off. The utilization of the word obscuring wipes out any trust the perusers may have and represents Owens mentality that they're no expectation in battling and without trust there was no reason or point in battling. Owen likewise communicates certain powerlessness in the officers as they are sent into a world which they know nothing about. Also Binyan exhibits a similar naivety and guiltlessness of the officers that served in the war. 'They went with tunes to the fight,' proposes that the officers were ill-equipped and uninformed of the brutal real factors of war, which is reflected in the conduct. Binyan exhibits that the officers entered the combat zone with yearnings, the way that they were prepared to battle for their nation 'against the chances uncounted,' and went energetically 'with melodies,' exhibits respect. Binyan follows this with, 'they were youthful,' which underscores their naivety and honesty; the fighters were defenseless however stayed 'valid for eye, consistent and aflow,' which

Sylvia Plath More Than Just Her Death

Sylvia Plath More Than Just Her Death Sylvia Plath provokes a number of reactions, or so I’ve found. There are people (like myself) who love her writing, there are those who hate it, and there are those who view it as a fleeting adolescent depression-angst thing and dismiss her altogether. I’ll admit: I first read her when I was a teenager. I read The Bell Jar, and then excerpts from her diary. In college, I glanced at Ariel and The Colossus, but poetry “wasn’t my thing” back then. Most recently, I read her unabridged diaries (although in truth, I’m still working my way through the immense tome) and Johnny Panic and the Bible of Dreams, a collection of short stories, diary excerpts, and essays. I think The Bell Jar is still relevant today, and remains one of the most harrowing books I have read about the descent into that hole of despair. Her diaries show an incredibly smart, introspective woman who struggled with the same things women struggle with now â€" not wanting to be seen as flighty, trying to balance personal life with professional, and the experience of marriage and motherhood. A few months ago, I found Ariel: The Restored Edition. Ted Hughes had reordered Plath’s poems of Ariel for publication, and also left several out. Frieda, Plath and Hughes’ daughter, compiled them in their original order and added the omitted ones. When I read the book, I had to put it down several times, because I was so struck by the rage, the biting prose, the raw emotion Plath brought to the page. I had missed this as a college student, and was able to appreciate her poems now, as a 33-year-old, more than I ever could before. I had a whole new respect for her â€" not just as a writer, but as a woman. But as an adult, I also have a very different view of her life and death. This past February, on the anniversary of her suicide at age 30, I realized several things: I was older than her when she died, and oh, how we’ll never know what she could have produced. I feel so young, like my life is still ahead of me, and it made me so sad that her depression, that insidious illness, killed her. There is no romanticizing about her life now â€" her marriage was tumultuous and troubled, toward the end she was struggling in nearly every way possible, and the end must have been very, very bleak. She could be selfish and vengeful. Simply put, she was human, like the rest of us. That can be very hard to remember when you’re a teenager and idolizing writers that touch your bloody, tender heart. Her children were left with her legacy, and as Frieda states in Ariel: The Restored Edition, about the plaque for the house, “I did not want my mother’s death to be commemorated as if it had won an award. I wanted her life to be celebrated, the fact that she had existed, lived to the fullness of her ability, been happy and sad, tormented and ecstatic, and given birth to my brother and me. I think my mother was extraordinary in her work, and valiant in her efforts to fight the depression that dogged her throughout her life….The art was not to fall.” Plath â€" Sivvy, as she was called by her family â€" remains one of my favorite authors. I respect her perseverance through rejection â€" originally, The Bell Jar was published in England to less than favorable reviews shortly before her suicide â€" and I wonder where confessional poetry and writing would be today if it weren’t for people like her and Sexton, among others. I appreciate the personal pain she suffered and cannot imagine the depths of it. Finally, as an adult, I see her as a whole human, a whole woman, not just the writer of one of my favorite books.

Using Mathematical Modelling And Faro Arm Software

j) The breaking distance and heat generated in the carbon ceramic matrix has also been calculated. Pro-Engineer and ANSYS was used to build the required model for transient analysis. The design was prototyped, which was followed by result evaluation in the field tests.The model obtained after ANSYS modelling was similar to that proposed by Nickam and colleagues (2014). Figure 8: Ansys Model for forces acting at the disc rotor 4.2 Reverse engineering using finite element modelling and Faro CAM2 software This research thesis has aimed at identification of the functioning of the disc brakes and its essential parts. In addition to this, the forces acting on the disc brake components, with special emphasis on the disc rotor and disc†¦show more content†¦It has to be highlighted that in order to facilitate the reverse engineering requirements, the individual parts were drawn by using appropriate software (Catia V6) and the corresponding individual component dimensions were measured. By taking into consideration the appropriate dimensions and facts, a CAD model was developed by means of Catia software for digitally document the design information. It has to be highlighted that further design changes in the disc brake is performed in accordance to necessary requirements and final assembly is generally carried out by means of comprehensive manufacturing drawings which were prepared. Reverse engineering finds frequent use as a highly useful tool for manufacturers in the aspect of re-considering their product design in a well-organized, efficacious and economical method. As far as the process of providing insights regarding the design parameters that affect the longevity and performance pertaining to the products are concerned, reverse engineering has served as a methodology to facilitate the study of mechanical engineering components and keeping up to pace with the contemporary market requirements. It has to be highlighted that one of the most prominent aftermarket auto parts manufacturers in the global scenario has necessitated the use of

The Code Of Ethics Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde By Robert...

As future nurses we are taught the principle of ethics; which focus on providing our patients with respect, and protecting their right to make their own decisions. The practice of nursing is governed by the American Nurses Association, which the cornerstone of the association is the code of ethics. Nonmaleficence, beneficence, fidelity, autonomy, justice are just a few of the ethics that nursing focuses on to provide adequate patient care. Autonomy means to respect the patient’s right to make their own decisions. Returning to a patient when when a nurse says they will return is a nurse maintain fidelity, and keeping their word. Starting CPR on a patient that has no pulse is an example of beneficence meaning to do what is best for the†¦show more content†¦However, some readers may feel empathy for Frankenstein, we will later discuss what he did was unethical. Memoranda During the War by Walt Whitman is an account of his time as a journalist during the civil war along w ith ways that he comforted some of the soldiers. Although these are substantial pieces of literary work, there are several ethical inaccuracies that would result in healthcare workers losing their jobs and mental damage caused to patients. Through out this paper I will discuss ethical dilemmas posed by the novels that I have read this semester, in relationship to the code of ethics for nursing; such as nonmaleficence, fidelity, autonomy and justice. As stated earlier, nonmaleficence means to do no harm to a patient, in the nursing practice this means not performing procedures on patients that will cause more harm than good. Also, nurses should not perform procedures that they have not be taught, because of the risk to the patient. Healthcare workers have a responsibility to their patient to ensure their safety and this is done by preventing mental or physical damage to the patients. A few of the required reading over the semester dealt with this ethical dilemma directly; such as Fra nkenstein, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Although the patients from the novel are inpatient psychiatric patientsShow MoreRelatedSociety Pressure in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay2012 Words   |  9 PagesSociety is a community of people who share the same government, religion, environment, or culture. Society creates a set of unspoken rules that the community blindly follows. Without society, there would be no morality codes to live by, no standards that people should live to. These â€Å"unspoken† rules are altered when going to different societies. One of the most popular societies is the Victorian society which is known for its rapid development in science and also its oppressive restrictions. There

Computer Hacking is Ethical Free Essays

Austin Areas English Ill Honors Mrs.. Mills 14 December 2012 Computer Hacking is Ethical Computer hacking is a term that most everyone in today’s society is familiar with. We will write a custom essay sample on Computer Hacking is Ethical or any similar topic only for you Order Now When the average person hears news about computer hacking, most likely they think about cyber-crimes, website defacement’s, or knocking various websites offline. This inaccurate description is Just the image that today’s media creates. In reality, true hackers are much different. Computer hacking is not the only type of hacking in today’s society. Hacking actually originated from partaking, which is the art of racking a telephone network (â€Å"A Brief History of Computer Hacking†). Hacking is seen as being blackball, or wrong, when hacking can also be beneficial to the world. There are different types of computer hackers: â€Å"Hastiest,† ones who hack to express a political opinion, â€Å"Hobbyist† hackers, those who hack for enjoyment, and â€Å"Research hackers,† those who hack to learn about security and fix vulnerabilities (â€Å"License to hack? Ethical hacking†). As mentioned before, the first computer hackers were not people who were hacking to earn some quick cash. In 1878, two years after the telephone was invented y Alexander Graham Bell, a group of teenagers who worked to maintain the New York switchboard were fired because they were interested in seeing how the phone connections were made and how the calls were distributed to specific locations. Their actions were essentially th e equivalent of early computer hackers. These boys were trying to break into the telephone system to understand and see how the switchboard worked (â€Å"Timeline: A 40-Year History of Hacking†). Computers were not always in the easy to use, graphical interface they are today. Along the time period of the ass, mainframe computers were very popular. Most universities and companies would have rooms dedicated to containing these mainframe computers, which were essentially a large chunk of metal locked away in a controlled environment. Due to the prices and exclusivity, users had to fight for time to obtain access to these slow- moving machines. Since these mainframe computers were so expensive and resource intensive, meaning they required time, knowledge, electricity, and money, computer programmers went out on a ledge to learn and create ways to speed up processes and modify hardware to increase performance speed (â€Å"Computer hacking: Where did it begin and how did it grow? ). In return, the machine would be able to complete more tasks and operations in a shorter time period. Hiring a hacker to modify one’s machine in the ass and ass would definitely increase business functionality (Parks). The term â€Å"Hacker† did not earn the definition it has in today’s world until the sass. Users discovered that they could apply their knowledge of the inner workings of a computer for their own gain. This was the time period when viruses, mallard, and other nasty cyber infections were created to earn their coder or hacker money (â€Å"Timeline: A 40-Year History of Hacking†). In the early sass, a man named John Draper discovered that he could recreate the pitch a telephone used by using a whistle obtained from a box of cereal. By using this whistle, Draper could recreate the 2600-hertz audio tone and score some free long-distance calls. Draper’s actions were one of the first illegal actions committed by a hacker, which earned him the nickname â€Å"Captain Crunch. † Later in the sass, devices called â€Å"Blue Boxes† were invented by a computer club in California. These boxes were used to help change a tone to match the tone created by a telephone, thus making telephone tampering easier to use. These boys went by the names of Steve Jobs and Steve Woozier, the creators of Apple Inc. â€Å"Timeline: A 40-Year History of Hacking†). Attention towards partaking was created during this decade, resulting in a few computer and telephone hacking magazines being created. These magazines would benefit those who wanted to become partakers and computer hackers, by teaching them techniques, and giving access to those who had already accomplished these illegal acts (â€Å"Timeline: A 40-Year History of Hacking†). Another effect from the huge amounts of attention towards hackers was a new law being passed, called The Comprehensive Crime Control Act, giving the Secret Service Jurisdiction over cases including credit card and computer fraud (â€Å"INCURS Abstract†). Later in 1987, a seventeen-year-old hacks into AT’s computer network, which led to his arrest. This boy was caught because he did want most teenage boys do, he bragged on an online bulletin board about it. Federal authority says he committed the hacking from his bedroom, and was one step away from breaching into ATT’s switching system, the system that controlled most of the nation’s communication access fine (â€Å"Timeline: A 40-Year History of Hacking†). In the year 1988 the first self-replicating virus was created by a twenty-two year old graduate named Robert Morris from Cornell University that was designed to take advantage of an exploit in UNIX-based systems. The Morris-worm, named after the creator, infected nearly one tenth of machines connected to the internet. Morris was arrested for releasing the virus and was sentenced to three years of probation, 400 hours of community service, and a $10,000 fine (â€Å"Zen and the Art of the Internet†). No other major hacks occurred until the mid to late ass, when two hackers known as Data Stream hacked into computers and systems owned by institutions such as NASA and Korean Atomic Research Institute. One of the two was caught by detectives form Scotland Yard and was discovered to be sixteen years old (â€Å"The Case Study: Rome Laboratory, Griffins Air Force Base, and NY Intrusion†). The year after, Vladimir Levin allegedly used his laptop to transfer funds from Citibank’s computer network to various accounts across the world. Eventually Levin was extradited to the US, sentenced to three years in prison, and ordered to pay Citibank $240,000. The exact amount of money stolen is unknown, but is estimated to be around $3. -$10 million, not all of which has been recovered (â€Å"How To Hack A Bank†). Later that year legendary computer hacker Kevin Nitpick was arrested in Raleigh, North Carolina, and accused of breaking security violations, such as copying computer software, breaking into various networks and stealing information, including close to 20,000 credit cards. He spent four years in Jail without trial and was released in early 2000. Nitpick was accused of crimes dating back to the mid-sass (â€Å"Timeline: A 40-year history of hacking†). After the year 2000, many to most cyber- attacks or hacks have been caused by mallard users unknowingly downloading them onto their PC. Most newly created enamelware bypasses anti-virus scans, which means no one is ever one hundred percent safe on the internet. The graph below displays the type of virus or mallard threats received on various US computers (â€Å"Microsoft Security Intelligence Report†). Every computer hacker is powered by a motive or several motives. Usually malicious hackers are motivated from self-gain, either money or fame. Malicious programmers create mallard programs to do their bidding; such software can log every key one presses, steal sensitive data such as passwords for personal and banking websites, r add one’s computer to a ring of infected computers that can be used to Dos websites (â€Å"Ethics in Computing†). A Dos attack is when packets of data are sent to a Webster that eventually overload the server with data to the point where the server crashes, therefore knocking the website offline. More recently, Anonymous has taken credit for Dosing major banking websites offline (â€Å"Bank of America Hit By Anonymous Dos Attack†). There are many different types of Dos attacks; the most common is a JODI Flood, which sends a JODI packet to random ports on a server. When a packet is sent to a port where there is no application listening on that port, the server replies with a Destination Unreachable packet, so the server has to respond to every single JODI Packet with an Unreachable; the part that crashes the server is when the Unreachable Packet is sent (â€Å"UDP Flood Attack†). Hackers sometimes will sell their bootee, which is the term that describes a ring of infected computers. When a hacker sells or rents his bootee, the infected PC’s are transferred over to the buyer for their use, which is usually for more illegal Dos attacks. There is extremely easy money when it comes to selling information attained from hacking, whether it is selling hacked website accounts for popular websites like Youth or websites that require a monthly subscription. Most of the transactions are made online and are close to untraceable. Finding a competent hacker on the internet is the equivalent of going to Iraq and looking for AY Quad. Hackers know how to hide, where to hide, and how to stay safe (â€Å"Hackers Selling Cheap BOOTEES and DOS on Forums†). Even though hackers know how to hide, that does not mean they cannot get caught. Hacker Jon Paul Soon illegally hacked into his previous employer’s network with malicious intent. This network was a medical network that contained health records, names, addresses, and provided services to seventeen different clinics in San Diego. Soon was punished with five years in prison and a combined fine of over four hundred thousand dollars, along with a ban from using a computer (â€Å"Hackers: Crimes and punishments†). Teenage hackers usually get off easier, with punishments like time in a Juvenile center, a ban from computers, community service, or very light prison sentences depending on age. FBI informant Max Butler was a hacker who was charged in 2001 with possession of stolen passwords, computer intrusion, and thirteen other counts. He risked going to prison for forty years because he decided to stop helping the FBI catch other hackers. These are Just a few cases of the risks hackers take for the thrill or self-gain from hacking (â€Å"5 Of the World’s Most Famous Hackers What Happened to Them†). With such strong consequences, one might wonder why an individual would want to become a computer hacker. Internet users become hackers because they know how to work the system; they know how to yap’s the law and do close to anything they want (â€Å"The Hacker Work Ethic†). Hackers are purely cyber thieves who terrorize innocent users using their superior knowledge of how computers and the internet work. There are indeed an abundance of hackers who have malicious intent, but there are those who hack for a higher purpose (Roberts). Identifying what type of hacker one is dealing with is extremely easy; all one must do is look at the end product and ask a few questions. Is this hacker trying to steal information? Is the hacker trying to infect systems? If so, then that hacker is malicious. Other hackers hack for the learning experience. They want to learn more about computers and how systems change when modifying specifications. Hacker Sarah Flannels describes the work she put into her encryption algorithm as, â€Å"l had a great feeling of excitement †¦ Worked constantly for whole days on end, and it was exhilarating. There were times when I never wanted to stop. † Pursuing knowledge has been the fuel for many computer users since the first computers were created in the sass. These people live by the idea that the best way to learn is to take a hands on approach (â€Å"Types of computer hackers†). Contrary to black hat hackers, a type of hacker exists known as the white hat hacker. White hat hackers are the people who help infected users on the web. Many black hat hackers such as Kevin Nitpick, Kevin Paulsen, and Mark Been have turned white hat after serving time in prison or on probation (â€Å"12 â€Å"White Hat† hackers you should know’). Not only to white hat hackers try to reverse the effects of black hats, but they also hack websites. Many businesses hire penetration testers, A. K. A. White hat hackers to try to penetrate the businesses’ servers or databases to test how protected the businesses’ websites are. Penetration testers, commonly referred to as Pen Testers, report back any exploits they have covered while hacking their employer’s website or database, and then they patch the exploit, thus making a safer internet. Companies believe that if a white hat hacker can penetrate their security, then so can a mischievous black hat hacker (â€Å"tithe hat’ hackers in demand†). An example of a famous white hat hacker is computer analyst and expert Touts Samurai, who police used to track down and apprehend Kevin Nitpick in 1995 after Nitpick had evaded the FBI for years, and caused well over $100,000 in damage to systems belonging to Motorola, Monika, Sun Microsystems, and NECK (â€Å"The trials of Kevin Mitotic). This is Just one example of a hacker being caught by another hacker. Police computer security analysts and hackers to look decipher cyber evidence that is related to crimes under investigation, along with cyber-forensics to break down crimes and solve them quickly (â€Å"The Kevin Nitpick/ Touts Samurai affair†). Hollywood has also tried to portray computer hacking in movies such as Hackers, from 1995, and War Games from 1983. The movie Hackers is about two computer hackers named Crash Override and Acid Burn, who seemingly fight each other with silly fonts and awful homepage graphics. Later on in the movie, he US Secret Service is involved when another associate of Overrides hacks into a school’s mainframe and downloads a garbage file. This file actually contained a computer virus that could apparently capsize the company’s oil tanker fleet. After a few other friends are arrested, everyone is cleared of their charges and the movie ends happily. In reality, all of these hackers would have been in prison, and would not had their charges dropped, not to mention the fact that a company had the code to a computer virus that could control their entire oil tanker fleet on a garbage file in their easily hackle mainframe (â€Å"Hackers†). Legitimate hackers later defaced the movie Hacker’s website to express how they felt about the silliness in this movie (â€Å"Hacked Movie Site†). Nothing really big happened, only some text was changed and a few pictures were defaced with satirical pictures drawn over them. The website still has the hacked version of their website mirrored, meaning it is still accessible to the web. Included in the text of the defaced website were lines describing how Hollywood misunderstands technology and will never be able to comprehend the hard work and time needed to perform some of the acts that hackers accomplish. No en can tap a few keys on a keyboard and hack into a company’s mainframe, website, or database. Hackers included a scene where someone managed to access a supercomputer with Just the password â€Å"GOD† and has the UNIX operating system replaced with some other three dimensional interface does not represent the real world in any manner (â€Å"Episode – Hackers†). The movie Live Free or Die Hard also butchers computer hacking in the sense that the computer hacks in it are so good at hacking that they can control entire cities, including quotes like â€Å"Okay, I want you to hack into that traffic light and make it red. Almost all of the incredible feats provided by Hollywood in movies is practically impossible, or would require months of research to perform. Many hackers believe that Hollywood will never portray legitimate hackers correctly (â€Å"Hollywood Hacking – Television Tropes Idioms†). Computer fanatics are compelled by the mystery of the machine. When Mr.. Hake, the Computer Applications teacher from Erwin High was asked why he was so fascinated by computers when he first had access to them, he replied with, â€Å"They were new and exciting; no one really knew where we were going to go with amputees, but everyone seemed to want to use them. † Mr.. Hake described that people were compelled to study computers due to their mysteriousness and interesting possibilities (Hake). Switching from being a computer fanatic to being a computer hacker can happen really quickly when one may see how easy earning, or stealing money actually is on the internet. Or maybe the thrill of breaking past security will push the moderately to advanced computer user to turn to the dark side of computer hacking. Malicious hackers will always have a hard time as long as the be is full of white hat hackers to make their Job, or hobby more difficult (â€Å"Meaning of Hacking and the Different Kinds of Hackers†). In conclusion, not every person who knows their way around a computer’s boundaries is unethical. While there are many intelligent and malevolent hackers loose on the web, it is still a safe place. Today’s media does not accurately portray hackers or the hacker’s philosophy, and neither do cut-rate Hollywood movies. Media websites control how civilians see cyber criminals, due to that factor, most innocents see hackers has people who are out to no good. The white knights of the internet are never given the appreciation they deserve, because of them we are as safe as we are now. White hat hackers have patched countless exploits caused by bad-natured hackers. Governments can Jail as many hackers as they want, but they can never Jail a philosophy. Hackers will always exist; they will always be out to gain something out of their exploits. Society needs to understand that hackers also hack to prevent collateral damage, or to catch the worst of the worst hackers. There are good hackers and bad hackers, Just as there are good people and bad people; not all hackers are unethical. How to cite Computer Hacking is Ethical, Papers

Nokia Organizational Structure

Executive Summary An organization is defined as an integration of processes with a single purpose; to attain the expected goal of an organization, management needs to develop and effective working organizational structure. An effective organizational structure looks into qualitative and quantitative issues of the structure were it ensures that both human resources matters and physical combination of resources have been addressed accordingly.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nokia Organizational Structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nokia is an international phone company that is currently leading in the phone segment of the electronic market in the world; the company’s organizational structure has enabled it to command the success it has attained. As time goes, the structures of the company are becoming week calling for immediate actions to be taken to retain the glory of the company. The main areas th at need to be looked into include the strategic alliances division, innovation and invention section of the company, and the organizational culture adopted by the Company. Introduction The success of an organization depends on how well physical and human resources of the organization have been organized and managed. Organizational theory emphasizes that every organization has potential to become competitive in its industry if it organizes the assets, both physical and intangible, that it has. Leaders have the role of developing an organizational structure, which is the framework of operation in the organization, effectively developed structures ensures that resources are effectively managed, customers are satisfied, human resources are well managed, and all stakeholders are satisfied with the position of the organization. An organizational structure has a total quality approach where all areas of the organization are addressed; despite this totality approach, changes in business env ironments and industries have sometimes made companies to find their strategies ineffective and irresponsive of current business policies (Wheelen Hunger, 1998). Nokia is an international phone company, with its headquarters in Finland. The company currently enjoys a market share of about 37% and aims at increasing the market share to over 40% by the end of 2011; however, the company is facing a number of strategic issues, which has made its profits and sales reduce in the recent past and overtaken by Apple Inc. products.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This report is an analysis of organizational structure of Nokia Phone Company; the report will analyze the current structure of the company and current strategic issues facing the company. Nokia is divided into four main departments where every department, also called business group, is given some mandate to undertake, the d epartments are Mobile Phones; Multimedia; Enterprise Solutions and Networks; other than the departments, the company has two horizontal departments as Technology Platforms and Customer and Market Operations. Neither the business group nor the horizontal department work independent, however they are interdependent with each other, the following chart shows the companies organizational culture: Chart 1 Each manager or departmental head is responsible for his area and is expected to work for the good of the entire firm. As strategic tool, Nokia have realized the need to have an effectively managed human capital; a company requires both physical and human resources for its operations; human resources are the greatest asset that an organization can have; without it, no business transaction can take place. It ensures that the business is run in the right way, and thus determines the current as well as the future state of the business (Bateman Snell, 2011).Advertising We will writ e a custom essay sample on Nokia Organizational Structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nokia has a human resources management department with the role of ensuring staff needs have been addressed effectively, the department has the role of ensuring that the company has the right number of human capital at the right time at an appropriate cost. It has the mandate of planning, deploying, employing, training, retaining, and dismissal of employees. When the department is undertaking this duty, it looks into quantitative and qualitative aspects. Qualitative means the right number of employees and qualitative means employees with right skills. Managing human resources has been an ignored area in traditional business management, however with modern strategic management; managers increasingly understand that the success of their organization is highly dependent with how well they manage their human resources. When managing human resources, managers ensure that they understand the needs of the human resources and their motivations, when they are well managed, they are sources of creativity, innovations and innovation. Strategic management gurus are of the opinion that organizations that have well managed human resources have an asset over their competitors that can be used for a long time as a source of competitiveness. Nokia hires from the domestic and international market to ensure that it has the right expertise and have a diverse workforce, with such a people resource the company is able to trade effectively in the local and international markets (Taylor, 2008). Organizational structure model The large number of staffs at Nokia and different management and supervisory levels offers Nokia a tall organizational structure. The diagram below is an illustration of a tall organizational structure similar to that of Nokia. Chart 2 Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The structure is only there to ensure that there is good management and processes within the organization are well managed and controlled. Despite the company being the largest phone company in the world, the company is facing a number of strategic issues that if not addressed with immediate effect, then the company is likely to lose its competitiveness and dominance in the market; the following are the strategic issues: Creating significantly short replacement cycle Phones are long-lasting equipments and making them as so is one of value and quality assurance of Nokia, however markets are getting saturated with phones thus holding a single phone for a long period of time. When this happens, then the growth of sales is hampered and the company cannot continue with its sales. In countries like Finland, Europe and some African countries, the company’s products are seen everywhere and the markets are slowly growing. Saturation of current markets The company has its main oper ating base at Asia, North America and Europe, however these markets are becoming saturated with phones and the markets seems not to be growing. Despite the slowed growth, the markets have a number of international players selling their products in the markets. The company’s sales are not promising in the country as well as the operating costs in these countries is on the upward rise (Kaushik Cooper, 2000). Reluctance in technological innovation In the recent past, the phone industry has experienced a massive development, other companies like Apple Inc. and Samsung have pioneered however, Nokia, and it have not pioneered the development. The reluctance in the innovation has resulted to Nokia–Apple patent dispute; it has also seen the company become a technology copier (McFarland, Bloodgood and Payan, 2008) Conclusion With the current success in the international markets, Nokia should be thinking of a brand extension approach: brand extension is a marketing tool used to market products using the strength of an existing brand. It involves developing of new products, mostly related to the product already in the market, it is a method of widening of the range of products (or services), by riding in the strength of an existing brand. It is a method of optimal brand strength by creating additional sales. It is also a form of increasing Brand Equity. Brand extension is strategic and should b e timely; when over done it ends to diluting of a brand. The company should be on the high note to have other electronic commodities that can drive the market; the new products that the company can develop include television sets, Radios, laptops, and music equipments. The new products are likely to b ea driving force for the company; Apple Inc. with the invention and invention of IPods and I-phones the company was able to control a niche market; a diversion from its main line of business that was desktops and computer software development. References Bateman, T. S., Snell, S. A. (2011). Management: Leading collaborating in a competitive world. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin Ketchen Jr., G., Hult, T.M. (2006). Bridging organization theory and supply chain management: The case of best value supply chains. Journal of Operations Management, 25(2), 573-580. McFarland, R., Bloodgood, J. and Payan, J.(2008). Supply Chain Contagion. Journal of Marketing, 72(2), 63-79. Taylor, G.(2008). Lean Six Sigma Service Excellence: A Guide to Green Belt Certification and Bottom Line Improvement. New York: Ross Publishing. Wheelen, L., Hunger, J. (1998). Strategic Management and Business Policy: Entering 21st Century Global Society. Massachusetts: Addison Wesley This essay on Nokia Organizational Structure was written and submitted by user Landry Barton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.